Really
not worth archiving.
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Me: Frank Lynch Home These are my mundane daily ramblings. Bio: Email: |
Merry Christmas to you! There's something about the way my religious education failed to give adequate attention to the Old Testament, I think, which prevented me from understanding the full value of Christmas. Sure, I heard the whole nativity story, and the birth of John the Baptist, and how wonderful it all was, but in the Catholic mass your exposure to scripture itself is basically a reading from one of the Gospels and an epistle. Without a firm grounding in the Old Testament — one
going beyond Genesis and Moses — I'd had no idea about the
destruction of the temple, the years of the Babylonian exile, and
so on, and had no idea of the horrendous history which the
Israelites had gone through, and the hopefulness which the idea
of a Messiah must have meant. Today we're all familiar with the
long drought which Chicago Cubs fans have gone through, and how
excited they were at the prospect of making it to this year's
World Series, and the enthusiasm which was in their voices as
they spoke of their hopes. How much greater must have been the
longing for the Messiah?
Anger stops us from seeing clearly. Andrew Sullivan has had a long-running feud with the New York Times (and I'd still like someone who complains about the Times to identify a better alternative). Earlier this week Sullivan complained about a piece in the Times which criticized journalists who were receiving money from Hollinger while writing about it; he basically considered it hypocritical for the Times to write such a story when one of its own columnists, Paul Krugman, had once accepted money from Enron before writing critically about it. Sullivan wrote: Hmmm. The New York Times runs a big story on the journalistic friends of Conrad Black, media mogul in ethical rapids. They detail how some leading conservatives have been paid handsomely on Black's "advisory boards" while not disclosing their payments. Who does that remind you of? Two years ago, it was revealed that Enron - yes, Enron - had been lavishing huge sums on friendly journalists, including the New York Times columnist, Paul Krugman. The NYT - despite devoting enormous resources to the Enron story - deliberately ignored the journalism angle. Krugman still hasn't disclosed the tens of thousands of thinly-veiled bribes he got from Enron, while he postures absurdly as a foe of the powerful. The New York Times never ran a stand-alone story about the affair, despite the fact that the majority of the journalists coopted by Enron were on the right. They cannot now say that this was a non-story. They have treated the Black friendships and "payments" as a real story. The disparate treatment is yet another example of how the NYT under Howell Raines wasn't just biased and slightly nuts. It was corrupt. Notice Sullivan's description of Krugman ("including the New York Times columnist, Paul Krugman"): from the way he wrote, it's difficult to tell that Krugman received the money prior to joining the Times, and severed the relationship before joining the Grey Lady. Krugman has mentioned this in his columns, and I think Sullivan is aware of that, because in an email to me he said Krugman never offered more than a "vague" description of what he did for Enron. Well, let's look at what Krugman wrote in a January 25, 2002 column:
Nothing particularly "vague" there, if you ask me. Note also that Sullivan is not distinguishing between journalists who wrote about Holliger while getting money from Holliger (the point of the Times article) and Krugman's writing about Enron after the payments end. There is also the difference that the journalists the Times mentioned were writing favorably about Hollinger, and Krugman was writing negatively about Enron. Giving Sullivan the best imaginable benefit of the doubt that I can, perhaps his complaint might be that Krugman was down on Enron because he was no longer getting money from Enron? Yet it's unlikely that Krugman would have held the loss of income against Enron, since his position at the Times required he eliminate the conflict of interest. Lastly, as pointed out in a comment on Atrios's blog, Krugman
has dealt with
this extensively on his own web site, even providing the
dollar figures which Andrew Sullivan seems to want so badly.
A death in the Royal Family.
A simple case of Microsoft malice. In
an earlier post, I noted that Opera users who
visit MSNBC.com's web site (MSNBC is a joint venture between
Microsoft and MSNBC) don't have full access to the site. And
MSNBC emailed to say they don't feel like coding their site with
Opera in mind (few people use it). However, the site looks
fine in Opera if you just reset the browser to identify itself as
IE instead of Opera. So I think Microsoft is just trying to cold
shoulder Opera users.
This is very funny... Sometimes a
review at Amazon will give me pause to think, and to better
understand a reviewer's frame of mind, I'll look at other reviews
he/she has written. Just to get context: see if I agree with
other reviews they wrote, see if the number of stars vary, and so
on. Here's one reviewer, though, who is incredibly
consistent across his (her?) reviews. The text of each review is
the same! For all eighteen reviews, the text is as follows: Some people... It cut through me like a knife.
Yesterday Ab and I saw In America, Jim
Sheridan's tale of a family of Irish immigrants in New York of
the 1990's. Wow, I think I cried in the first 5 minutes over the
optimism when they hit NYC with the Lovin' Spoonful's "Do You
Believe In Magic?" blaring on the soundtrack. It captured all the
optimism and excitement I felt when I came here in 1982. Quickly
the mood shifted, and I was filled with a constant sense of
foreboding as they moved into a rundown apartment building filled
with various forms of riffraff, and one constantly screaming
neighbor. There were so many parts where I felt, uh oh, this is
not going to work out, but the family muddled through, and there
were several points where I cried buckets. The sister playing the
10 and 6 year old daughters were great, and the older sister's
character showed such emotional depth, understanding her parents'
grief all too well. Apparently 90% of the story is
true. You should really put this on your list, it's a great
alternative to the Middle Earth war movie.
A repeat of the same rhetorical
shortcoming. InstaPundit Glenn Reynolds comments on the shortcomings of the maiden voyage column of the New York
Times' "people's editor" (i.e., ombudsperson) Daniel Okrent: Interestingly, I think it's because my expectations for Okrent
are so low, while the readers' are high. I want to see some sign
of progress at the Times, while they want to see actual, honest
and competent journalism, and they want to see Okrent take the
Times to task the way a blogger would, when it fails to
deliver. I think the readers are right, and that I've been expecting
too little. That's where the post ends. So, if the journalism of the Times
doesn't even show a sign of competency, perhaps someone
could tell us about a newspaper which is consistently, day after
day, better? Nah, they never do.
"The Prisoner" went to Hollywood. I
just finished watching the Steve Martin movie Bowfinger —
I'd seen it in the theater and loved it, but tonight it was on a
DVD — and recognized a significant connection with the old
television show The Prisoner. Bowfinger is all about a low-budget
deception performed on an action star, putting him in a movie
without him knowing it. In the process, the action star's
predisposition to paranoia is fed. Well, much of The Prisoner was
also a low budget production, and the plot revolved around
deception and paranoia etc. And, Bernie Williams
was heavily involved in both projects. CONNECTIONS!
Sometimes you see a few words in blogs
which have just a hint of vanity attached to them, and in the
light of day they sound kind of funny. For instance, Eugene
Volokh apparently couldn't post on the Jose Padilla decision as
quickly as he thought he was expected to. His post leads with the following: His legal opinions are interesting, and feel free to read
them, but I'd rather focus on the offhand sentiment that the
world, now operating on Internet time, was worse off for
not having his opinions sooner. So much so, that he actually
provided an explanation for his tardiness. Blogs are no contract
of course: it's not like there's a financial obligation to rush
an opinion out; if speed of posting increases traffic, well,
traffic is nice for an ego, but it doesn't pay bills. And maybe
the world could do with less speed once in a while. (The
Jose Padilla case, by the way, is an example of an instance where
blogs certainly did not get effective attention on an
issue.) Eugene Volokh is certainly not alone in speaking to an
audience of "fans," many have done it. Earlier this week, Andrew
Sullivan did something slightly different. Responding to a post
in an Iraqi blog where the poster expressed gratitude "to the
coalition forces and all the honest people who helped in that
great operation," Sullivan took it upon himself to say "you're
welcome." Beyond posting on his web log and the occasional
column, I'm not sure what Sullivan did, and I think he was a bit
fast to offer the welcome. All this reminds me of something Samuel Johnson once wrote in
his Life of Pope, regarding
an instance when Pope threatened to withdraw, in a fit of pique:
"The man who threatens the world is always ridiculous; for the
world can easily go on without him, and in a short time will
cease to miss him."
John Cunningham has died. A great
Celtic fiddler, he was a longtime member of Silly Wizard. He
was also a member of Relativity, and his solo album Fair Warning remains one of my
favorite Celtic records. So young, 46.
Was Sep 11 preventable? Former
governor Thomas Kean, who heads the government's 9/11 commission
thinks so. Is this why the Republicans want to
have their presidential convention in New York, just days before
the third anniversary of Sep 11?
It's so hard to find good soldiers these
days. Even when they're computer-generated. The Montreal
Gazette ran a story about a problem
with the animated army for "The Return of the King": programmed
to battle for themselves, they all thought it wise to desert
instead of fighting the orcs. THAT would have been interesting:
"Run away! Run away!"
There are very few people who are seen as
being as "All American" as John Glenn, the former
astronaut and senator from Ohio. So, you could expect that
people might do a double-take when they learn what he just said
on
CNN: we're no safer in America with Saddam Hussein
captured. BLITZER: Senator Glenn, while I have you, I remember
interviewing you many times where you were in the U.S. Senate, a
member of the Armed Services Committee, a member of the
Intelligence Committee. In terms of the war on terrorism, is the
American public safer today now that Saddam Hussein has been
captured? GLENN: The American public? Well, I'd be hard pressed to say
that, that the American public. I didn't see Saddam Hussein as
being quite the danger that some other people did. His neighbors were not really afraid of what he was doing over
there. We haven't found any weapons of mass destruction yet. I'm
glad we have him. He was a bad man, there's no doubt about
that. But as far as, do I feel safer because he's been captured?
Well, I'm glad he was captured. But do I feel safer? No, I guess
I don't feel that much safer. When presidential candidate Howard Dean said this on Monday,
he came under intense criticism from a competitor, Joe Lieberman: Lieberman may get mileage out of criticizing Howard Dean, but
it's difficult to do the same against John Glenn.
Not very smart retailing... Yesterday
I was in Macy's (in Herald Square) for some Christmas shopping,
and coincidentally everything in the store was 40% off. So after
a purchase for my wife I went up to the floor that has all the
tree trimming items, thinking of the garland we intended to
string across an arch in the dining room. Now think about this: practically everything in the tree
trimming department is around $10, so naturally they want you to
buy many items; but you can't hold that many items in your hands,
and I'm already laden down with a large bag. Due to the
clumsiness of the situation I was thinking at that point I could
only buy two items, because there are no shopping baskets
anywhere on the floor. None. All these gorgeous items, 40% off, I
am ready to spend, and don't think I'll buy more than two.
Someone behind a register said I could use a wicker display
basket that was missing one of its handles, and that worked, and
I loaded up, spending a good $60 beyond the original $12 I would
have spent with no basket. After I paid for my items and mentioned this to a manager, I
was shown a rack of smallish shopping bags by a cash register
— nowhere near the place where anyone would realize they
needed one — and told that was what the store supplies
customers with. But with them at the point of pay rather than by
the displays, who would know? How many people would have bought
more if they had shopping baskets? I repeat, I spent five times
more because I found a basket. You put shopping baskets
closer to where people are thinking about gathering items, and
this will boost sales.
The capture of Saddam Hussein is
apparently one of those news events where the supply of
information and wisdom just cannot sate the enthusiasms of the US
public. Beyond the two basic stories (how did it happen? what is
likely to happen next? and the resulting stories such as
commentary from President Bush and Democratic Presidential
candidates) there is very little really that matters. But still,
the news audience wants more, and so various people try to fill
the void. For instance, this morning's Washington Post has an article on
why Saddam Hussein's pit was called a spider
hole; Slate questions the wisdom of naming the operation "Red
Dawn," after a movie where an American resistance fought off
an invasion (the reverse of what's going on in Iraq); and blogger
Andrew Sullivan continues to keep track of quotations which don't
meet his criteria of sufficient chest
beating. What I don't see anyone discussing is how much of
the prior speculation has turned out to be off-base.
Speculation which was cranked out largely to fill time and keep
an audience, more than because of any authoritative information.
For instance, last April ABC (US) covered the plastic surgery angle, that Hussein might escape
thanks to an altered appearance. CNN also reported that an Iraqi
had claimed to have performed plastic surgery on
Hussein. (In retrospect, it's an odd idea — if he
resurfaced with an altered appearance, how would he have
convinced his followers it was really him? What if one of his
'doubles' had been found in the meantime, and foisted off as the
original? Would we then have an Iraqi version of the Prisoner
episode The Schizoid Man?) And in June, there was speculation that
Hussein and his then-alive sons had fled to Syria. (Perhaps they did and then returned?) News organizations were not making this up out of thin air, so
much as taking tiny scraps of information, and running to cover
it in the effort to be more knowledgeable and win or retain
readers. I very much doubt that anyone will do a serious review of the
news stories which didn't pan out. That's too bad, because it
would be instructive to the media and to us. Not all information
is reliable, as seasoned intelligence professionals know. The
press's process of floating stories on skimpy evidence is all too
reminiscent of the intelligence management leading up to
war, with
biased reports making their way to the Administration.
It gets more embarrassing. In the
post below, I talked about difficulties with MSNBC.com's home
page, and speculated they were having infrastructure problems...
Well, according to a press
release, they've redesigned their web site. Nothing described
in the press release compares to the screen shot below. It looks
as if something went wrong, and it was too late to recall the
press release.
I think there's a problem with
MSNBC.com's home page.
It's been this way for at least 12 hours; one wonders if the
demand for news just outstripped their servers' ability to
deliver. (Their regular home page is quite heavy, full of
images.) No one likes when something like this happens, I assure
you! Update (Dec 15 2003, 8:42 PM): The page I saw was due
to the browser I was using, Opera. Visitors to the site who use
IE see a proper site. In the past, Microsoft has designed pages
which seemed to deliberately deliver something inferior to people
who don't use Internet Explorer. This looks like another
instance: it's not that the page doesn't load properly, it's a
completely different page. And it doesn't have to be this way. I
guess they do like it when this happens.
![]() Yahoo! explains how the water drains at
the equator. I admit, I was surprised by the answer... We
know that it drains in different directions depending on the
hemisphere, but many have asked what it does on the equator. My
answer would have been that the equator is merely a concept, that
there is no physical equator any more than someone who is exactly
six feet tall (a point on a line is infinitely small and beyond
measure). But it turns out that the answer is different.
Unquestionably a good thing. One can
argue into eternity whether or not invading Iraq was morally
justified, but given where we were, capturing Saddam Hussein and
bringing him to justice is a good outcome. For now, let's be
happy with that.
The Vincent Van Gogh auction I
referred to in an earlier post has been
delayed, while its authenticity is checked further. (Is it
me, or don't you do that in advance?)
The New York Times came in for more criticism, this time from InstaPundit over what he saw as inadequate coverage of the protests in Iraq. About the single paragraph which the Times gave it, he wrote: This kind of ass-covering ("See! We covered it!") is almost worse than not covering it at all. Pathetic. Well, two things. One, isn't this similar to what many conservatives say Bush did in his State of the Union speech, where they claim he said the threat from Iraq wasn't imminent? Did conservatives complain about that "ass-covering"? Two, as I mentioned in another post,
complaints about the New York Times need to be put into context,
that there is no other newspaper in the country which is
consistently better. Even on the issue of the protests in
Baghdad, the conservatives' Washington Times is silent.
Yesterday's protests in Baghdad seemed to be a success, according to this blogger. Still, the opening paragraph is revealing: The rallies today proved to be a major success. I didn't expect anything even close to this. It was probably the largest demonstration in Baghdad for months. It wasn't just against terrorism. It was against Arab media, against the interference of neighbouring countries, against dictatorships, against Wahhabism, against oppression, and of course against the Ba'ath and Saddam. Why? Because conservatives frequently complained that antiwar
demonstrations here in the US and abroad weren't really anti-war
so much as anti-Bush, because they saw some signs which showed
that side of some protesters' anger. I didn't doubt that anti-war
protests were mostly anti-war, and I don't doubt that these
Baghdad protests were mostly anti-terrorism. It just makes no
sense to miss the forest for the trees.
Van Goghs! Getcher fresh Van Goghs
heeeere! So someone wisely speculated 1,500 euros in a flea
market, and it turns out to be a Van Gogh. Expected to fetch
around 3 million Euros in an auction Saturday.
(Why didn't we hit more flea markets when we went to Europe this
summer?)
Wanting to have it both ways will ultimately catch up with you; men are advised to never have two girlfriends in the room at the same time. We learn these fairly early, don't we? Apparently not the Bush administration. While the Pentagon was issuing a memo banning Germany, France, and Russia from bidding on Iraqi reconstruction projects, the President was on the phone asking them to forgive Iraq's debts. "White House officials were fuming about the timing and the tone of the Pentagon's directive, even while conceding that they had approved the Pentagon policy of limiting contracts to 63 countries that have given the United States political or military aid in Iraq." Of course, this isn't the first time they've tried something
like this. To the chagrin of many Republicans, this
administration has not been fiscally conservative; and, instead
of supporting freer markets, the administration imposed those
steel tariffs which wound up costing more jobs in steel-using
industries than it saved in steel-production companies.
Listening skills. This is from yesterday's White House Press Briefing, given by Press Secretary Scott McClellan:
Perhaps the reporter wasn't clear that the Coalition Authority
had already been asked?
Gore made an important point this morning when endorsing Howard Dean, one which went beyond a consideration of Dean's strengths. That is, Gore talked about the "catastrophic mistake" of the Iraq invasion in terms of its distraction from the war on terror. Gore reminded the audience of press and Dean supporters that it was Osama Bin Laden who attacked the US on September 11, not Saddam Hussein; and while he acknowledged that the world was better off with Hussein out of power, there was an implicit frustration that Bin Laden remains free. This hearkens back to a speech Gore made in September 2002, regarding shifting our focus away from Afghanistan and onto Iraq: "Great nations persevere and then prevail. They do not jump from one unfinished task to another," Gore said during a 55-minute speech at the Commonwealth Club in San Francisco. "We are perfectly capable of staying the course in our war against Osama bin Laden" while simultaneously building an international coalition against the Iraqi president. In fact, it's become apparent that the war in Iraq has made the situation considerably worse for the U.S., if you think about it. The money to support our troops in Iraq has to come from somewhere, and so we have to look at other budgetary decisions which have been made. First responders are woefully underfunded, and our ports are largely unprotected. So that much is clear. As for Afghanistan itself, the Taliban is not exactly rolling over and playing dead, and Bin Laden is still free. While I think our troops are doing a great job, and I don't support a premature withdrawal from Iraq, I have to acknowledge the hornet's nest we're in and the unfinished business elsewhere. The President has famously said that Iraq is now the central front in the war on terror. It seems to me that
it is largely through our doing that this is the case. Before the
war, CIA Director George Tenet warned that Iraq was more likely
to use chemical weapons in response to an invasion, rather than
spontaneously; and in October a New York Times article pointed
out that "a large number of shoulder-fired antiaircraft missiles
that were part of the arsenal of Saddam Hussein" can't be located.
THE USE OF THE PHRASE "I FEEL" as a substitute for "I think" has always bothered me. Apparently, I'm not the only one who's bothered by it. So: is "bothered by it" a substitute for saying "I think it's
wrong"?
I am not at all happy that Al Gore is about to endorse Howard Dean. It has nothing to do with what I think of Gore or Dean, so much as its potential impact on making Dean the presumptive nominee. Because there haven't been any votes cast yet, and won't be any until 2004, in a sense Gore is trying to sway all the voters before they've had a chance to express an independent opinion. I feel as if it stifles voters' willingness to think for themselves — Gore makes their choice easier — and I see that as important to democracy. Here in New York the Democratic primary happens so late in the
season, most of the candidates have already withdrawn by that
stage, so it's not like it ruins my personal voting
opportunities. But I remember that I dearly wanted to vote for
Gore in 1988, and he barely lasted long
enough to make it to New York. All I'm trying to say, is,
democracy is better served by better choices, and I don't think
we'll be served well by a premature winnowing of the Democratic
field.
Learning by example. Regrettably, when pundits and conservative bloggers pick on the New York Times for its supposed liberal bias, the chief method of correction is to complain about how they got it wrong. Rarely, if ever, does someone point to a better news outlet than the New York Times. That context is lost all too often. So, without further ado, let's engage in a little reminder of what our options are. Today's New York Times covered an incident where a police officer wounded another police officer while trying to stop a murder suspect who was brandishing a sword. The Times headline read, Firing on Murder Suspect, Officer Also Hits Partner.
The New York Post headline was more sedate, calling out Bloody Sword Slaying. Now, see, if the Times and the Post had any journalistic
sense, they'd have run that wonderful cover that the Daily News
ran, if'n you ask me.
I'm fairly surprised by Florida poll results which show that the vast majority of Florida voters do not support the way the legislature and the governor intervened in the Terry Schiavo case. (You may remember that Schiavo is the person who is on life support without a living will, whose husband's decision to remove her from support was stopped by a quick law.) The Miami Herald writes: By nearly three to one, registered voters across religious, party and gender lines told pollsters they disagree with the intervention. While [Governor Jeb] Bush and GOP legislators acted at the request of Terri Schiavo's parents to keep their daughter alive by overruling the wishes of her husband and a court, an overwhelming number of the poll's respondents believe that a spouse should determine whether an incapacitated person without a living will should be taken off life support. I'm just stunned that the margin is so strong. It suggests a
state government that is fairly out of touch with its
constituents, if you ask me.
What's all this I hear about the
latest search engine phenomenon? Well, you can read about it here, and it has to do with
the first result which pops up when you search Google on the term
miserable
failure.
Today we are putting up our tree. We
usually have an artificial tree — even though the city
parks department will mulch your natural tree, we have no way to
get it to the park, so we go for the convenience of an artificial
one. This year we replaced an old tree which was at least 12
years old, and the model we bought has the lights built in, much
to my wife's relief. Unfortunately, a wire got snipped last night
while we were unpacking it, and so this morning it's off to the
hardware store to buy a suitably small wire nut. There is, of
course, all sorts of snow on the ground, so it won't be a walk in
the park.
Obituary: Jeff Brown, the creator of
Flat Stanley, has died at
age 77. I had no idea the series was this old, but it was created
back in 1964.
Happy St. Nick's Day, everyone! ![]() It's December 5, the feast of St.
Nicholas, the source for many of the Santa Claus legends.
(Santa Claus does exist, kids...) But for many people it's
cause for a separate celebration, so that Jesus can have his due
on December 25. So, for those of you taking note, have a happy!
Correction: The Feast Day of St. Nicholas is December 6, not December 5. I regret the error, and apologize to those who received their packages a day early.Link When is a story not a story? The
American Prospect's Nick Confessore has pretty well nailed a couple non-stories over Bush's Thanksgiving
visit to Iraq. Who cares if he held up a display turkey? And who
cares if pilot radio transmission's accounts were a bit off?
Is Bush "hatred" rooted in liberals' refusal to grasp "truth"? A guest editorial at National Review Online (seen through Horsefeathers) suggests that hatred for Bush is unique and unprecedented; that current rationale for hating Bush is inadequate (either based on emotions, or perceptions that he is "far right"); that liberalism is flawed because it cannot conceive of something as evil as terrorism; and that Bush threatens liberalism by calling terrorists evil. That, in a nutshell, is his argument, and I recommend you read the whole piece. Adam Wolfson has asked some important questions, which question the value of liberalism and Bush dissatisfaction. So let's look at some of his points.
In my view, Wolfson's analysis is shallow and unnecessary:
there are perfectly good reasons why some people hate President
Bush, based on a hard analysis of his performance as president,
and not because a they've been bitten by a frothing racoon. And
because Wolfson's argument is so off the point, and so well read,
I think it's destructive. Conservatives will be better off trying
to advance their programs and point of views if they understand
liberals, but Wolfson has only obscured the perspective.
Lodging Republican Convention
delegates in a cruise ship in the Hudson River, rather
than integrating them more into NYC life, would be a dumb move, I
think, and so do some Republicans, according to the New York
Times. But apparently it's not a new idea: the St. Petersburg
Times reported Republicans were looking at cruise ships over a year ago.
Would a confrontation wherein 54 Iraqis are killed be considered a
major combat operation?
Do inefficiency and diversity have non- economic benefits worth paying for? A recent article in Fast Company on Wal-Mart (seen through The Opposite of Escape) mentions that Wal-Mart (and perhaps others) are forcing manufacturers to create megasized, underpriced packages of their products which ultimately erode the value of their brands. At the same time, the cost pressures which result from a loss in brand equity send jobs overseas. Wal-Mart's impact on the small Mom & Pop stores is fairly well known, but this is a new angle. Efficiency is supposed to work better for everyone in a perfect, frictionless world, but without opportunities for those who lose their jobs, the hit is significant. Today's New York Times reports a> on the death of small towns: "You don't have young people taking over the farms, and you don't have businesses staying," Mr. Bailey of the Center for Rural Affairs said. "Even the parents are telling the kids to get out. There is very little to keep many of these towns going." Small towns and small stores are kind of like biodiversity:
they are a hedge against the risks associated with putting all
your hopes on the big cities or the major merchants. What happens
when real estate prices in the big cities become too expensive to
allow workers to live, yet there is no longer infrastructure in
small towns which allows you to retreat? And who would ask anyone
to stay in their small town, if their dream is to live in the big
city? George Bailey was held in Bedford Falls to keep his
father's business alive; what incentive do others have?
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